Scott Howell, PhD

Scott Howell, PhD, CSCS is the Director of Clinical Research and Education at Optimize U, a Professor of Health Science at Optimize U Health Sciences, and an Adjunct Faculty at Colorado State University. Dr. Howell served as a professor, dissertation chair, committee member, and subject matter expert in the PhD Health Sciences program at Trident University. More recently, Dr. Howell served as the academic director, subject matter expert, and curriculum developer for the graduate Health and Human Performance Program at Salem University.
Dr. Howell holds a PhD in Health Science from Trident University, a Master of Science in Sport and Health Science from American Military University, a Bachelor of Science in Sport and Health Science from American Military University, and a Mechanical Engineering degree from Forsyth Technical College as well as two additional doctoral degrees. He has worked as a Clinical Trial Interventionist and Biomechanist on two major NIH and DoD funded trials at Wake Forest University: Strength Training for Arthritis Trial (START) and The Runners and Injury Longitudinal Study (TRAILS).
Dr. Howell is a renowned hormone expert, exercise scientist, and clinical investigator with research interests in androgen metabolism, genetic determinants of hormone sensitivity, long-term harm of performance-enhancing drug use, skeletal muscle adaptation to structured physical training, and the health effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals.
Dr. Howell lectures on several topics, including hormone optimization, anabolic-androgenic steroids, pharmacogenetics, directed physiological adaptation to resistance training, biomechanics, and kinesiology. He also serves as a consultant for various sport organizations and medical groups, regarding doping in sports and pharmacogenetic risk of performance-enhancing drugs.
Dr. Howell has published several peer-reviewed scholarly works (e.g., primary research studies, journal articles, textbooks) and is a recipient of the prestigious AMU Academic Scholar Award (2016).
Peer Reviewed Publications
Soares, J. D. P., Howell, S., Teixeira, F. J., Pimentel, G. D. (2020). Dietary amino acids and immunonutrition supplementation in cancer-induced skeletal muscle mass depletion: A mini-review. Current Pharmaceutical Design. 26(9), 970-978.
Santos, H. O., Howell, S., & Teixeira, F. J. (2020). Reviewing the evidence on vitamin D supplementation in the management of testosterone status and its effects on male reproductive system (testis and prostate): Mechanistically dazzling but clinically disappointing. Clinical Therapeutics, 42(6), e101–e114.
Howell, S. L. (2019). The epidemiology of androgen toxicity: A six-year retrospective cohort study of the risk of primary health outcomes among inpatients with androgen toxicity in the United States. ProQuest.
Santos, H. O., Howell, S., Teixeira, F. J. (2019). Coconut oil as a vehicle for lipophilic drug
administration. Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 6(1), 8-12.
Santos, H. O., Howell, S., Earnest, C.P., Teixeira, F. J. (2019). Coconut oil intake and its effects on cardiometabolic profile – a structured literature review. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-30.
Teixeira, F. J., Santos, H. O., Howell, S., Pimentel, G.D. (2019). Whey protein in cancer therapy: A narrative review. Journal of Pharmacological Research, 144, 245-256.
Santos, H. O., Howell, S., Teixeira, F. J. (2019). Beyond tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.): The effects of phytotherapics on testosterone, sperm and prostate parameters. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 1-30.
Teixeira, F. J., Matias, C. N., Monteiro, C. P., Howell, S. L., Kones, R. J. (2018). Effects of alpha-hydroxy-isocaproic acid upon body composition in a type I diabetic patient with muscle atrophy – a case study. Yale Journal of Biology.
Kones, R., Howell, S., Rumana, U., & Shaw, M. (2017). n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: Principles, practices, pitfalls, and promises-A contemporary review. Medical Principles and Practice.
Howell, S., Kones, R. (2017). "Calories in, calories out" and macronutrient intake: The hope, hype, and science of calories. American Journal of Physiology – Endocrinology & Metabolism, 313(5), E608-E612.
Howell, S., Kones, R. (2017). A calorie is still a calorie, according to rigorous new evidence. Journal of Diabetes and Obesity, 4(3), 1-2.
Howell, S. (2013). Biomotor abilities: The importance of developing maximal strength and conversion to power. Sports Speed Digest.
Howell, S. (2013). A modern periodization model. Sports Speed Digest.
Howell et al. (in preparation). Hematologic outcomes among inpatients with diagnosed androgen toxicity. American Journal of Public Health.
Howell et al. (in preparation). Risk of liver disease among inpatients with diagnosed androgen toxicity. American Journal of Epidemiology.
Howell et al. (in preparation). Burden of disease among inpatients with diagnosed androgen toxicity. International Journal of Epidemiology.
Howell et al. (in preparation). A comparison of propensity score methods in the analysis of inpatient risk. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
Textbooks and Publications
Howell, S., & Oddi, B. (upcoming release). Speed, agility, and quickness training. In E. A. McGill & I. Montel (Eds.), Essentials of sports performance training (3rd ed., pp. 297-337). National Academy of Sports Medicine.
Dintiman, G., Ward, B., Oddi, B., Howell, S. (2020). NASE Essentials of next-generation sports speed training. Howell, S. (Ed.). Sports Science Network. The National Association of Speed and Explosion.
Bompa, T., Howell, S., Hoffman, J., Blumenstein, B., Orbach I. (2019). Integrated periodization in sports training and athletic development: Combining training methodology, sports psychology, and nutrition to optimize performance. Howell, S. (Ed.). Meyer and Meyer. Aachen, Germany.
Howell, S. (in preparation). The normal fallacy. Howell, S. (Ed.).
What we stand for
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Our Philosophy
Since the time of the Ancient Greeks, the practice of medicine has transformed with each ground-breaking scientific discovery and technological advance in the health sciences. Despite this progress in human achievement and clinical research, the prevalence of chronic disease has increased continually, while the top causes of mortality remain proportionate in the U.S. general population. In fact, more Americans are developing heart disease now more than ever before and cardiovascular-related mortality remains the top cause of death among Americans, followed by cancer, accidents, stroke, chronic lower respiratory diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, influenza and pneumonia, and kidney disease. Each day, clinicians are faced with a dilemma for how to best prevent chronic disease: 1) Manage disease with drug therapies over the long-term. 2) Prevent disease by providing patients with effective tools to take responsibility for their health and by optimizing health, fitness, and lifestyle. Part of this problem boils down to how clinicians are trained to prioritize attaining “normal” over striving to optimize the health and wellness of patients. We call this “in-the-box thinking” and more and more clinicians are embracing a paradigm shift that focuses less on maintaining normal and, instead, prioritizes achieving the optimal health of patients. Our courses are designed based on two concepts: - Normal does not equal healthy. - Normal does not equal optimal.
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Mission Statement
Our mission is to provide clinicians with novel, engaging, on-demand medical education and resources to prepare patients with the tools to take responsibility for health and achieve optimal health and wellness throughout the lifespan.
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Core Values
Our approach to medical education allows clinicians anywhere in the world to access high-quality, evidence-based medical education and CEU courses on-demand. To achieve this, our medical curriculum and courses are based on five core values.
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Value 1: Evidence-Based Medical Education
Our approach to medical education provides clinicians with instant access to high-quality, evidence-based medical courses and CEUs developed by a team of multidisciplinary experts.
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Value 2: Simplified, Relevant and Up-to-Date Guidance
We go to great lengths to ensure the education we provide is concise, simplified, and relevant, and to ensure the quality and rigor of our medical curriculum, certification courses, and CEUs are unmatched by any higher education institution or university.
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Value 3: Novel and Engaging Medical Topics
We give clinicians a wide range of novel and engaging options for medical courses and CEU topics that align with your personal preferences, research interests, and practice needs.
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Value 4: On-Demand, Asynchronous Access
Although we offer on-site certifications and opportunities to earn CEUs, we also understand the time constraints of medical professionals and believe learning should not be constrained by time nor location, which is why our medical curriculum and CEU courses can be accessed anywhere at any time based on your schedule.
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Value 5: Professional Development and Clinical Acumen
We provide medical professionals with key knowledge, scientific concepts, and medical principles and caveats necessary to grow as providers and develop sound clinical acumen.
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Vision: A New Learning Experience for Medical Professionals
As new methods emerge in medicine, OU Health Sciences stays abreast of the current literature across many disciplines and compiles scientific evidence to enhance practitioner learning, increase field-specific knowledge, and promote clinical acumen. Our evidence-based approach to medical curriculum development integrates high-quality scientific evidence intentionally into the design of our CME courses, which allows us to provide objective interpretation of research findings, treatment algorithms, caveats, guidance, feedback, and practical issues. Our CME courses are proprietary, designed with modern instructional technology by credentialed subject matter experts and developed with multiple instructional methods, such as the case study method, hybrid (i.e., traditional + nontraditional) techniques, interactive learning, and modern instructional technology. For many clinicians, traditional medical education courses for industry certification and to earn CMEs can be frustrating, inconvenient, and time-consuming. At Optimize U Health Sciences, we leverage advanced instructional methods, merging both traditional and nontraditional higher education techniques to eliminate frustration, lower CME completion time, and provide the highest quality CMEs in the industry. Any clinician, regardless of the field of practice, specialty, or credentials, can discover many novel, interesting, and engaging courses to meet CME requirements. We build optimal medical practice one course at a time.